Lead-Based Paint Inspections & Risk Assessments

CORE Environmental Consultants provides lead-based paint (LBP) inspections and risk assessments for buildings undergoing renovation, sale, remediation, or occupancy by sensitive populations. Using EPA-compliant methods and certified inspectors, we determine where lead hazards exist and how best to manage them for health and regulatory compliance.

When Is a Lead Inspection Needed?

Lead-based paint inspections and risk assessments are often required or recommended in the following situations:

• Before renovation, demolition, or repainting of pre-1978 buildings
• To support compliance with lead-safe rules or rental programs
• During real estate transactions, property transfers, or refinancing
• In environments where children under 6 or pregnant individuals may be present
• To comply with federal, state, or local regulations, including EPA, or HUD requirements

Our Lead-Based Paint Services

1. Lead-Based Paint Inspection – Process Overview

An LBP inspection is a surface-by-surface evaluation to determine which painted or coated building components contain lead above regulatory thresholds. This is a non-invasive assessment using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technology.

Process Steps:

• Initial walk-through: Our certified LBP inspector documents all architectural surfaces (walls, trim, doors, windows, etc.) and identifies homogeneous areas (surfaces with similar painting history and materials).
• XRF testing: Using an EPA-approved XRF analyzer, each surface is scanned to detect the presence of lead-based paint (defined as ≥1.0 mg/cm²).
• Data collection: The XRF generates a real-time result for each surface. Results are recorded, categorized (positive, negative, inconclusive), and used to build a comprehensive map of LBP locations.
• Documentation: Surfaces that test positive are flagged for risk evaluation or possible abatement. Inconclusive results may require laboratory confirmation via paint chip sampling, depending on client needs and project risk.

2. Lead Risk Assessment – Process Overview

A risk assessment goes beyond inspection. It determines the likelihood of lead exposure based on how the space is used, the condition of the LBP, and whether hazardous lead dust is present.

Process Steps:

• Visual condition survey: Our certified Lead Risk Assessor examines all painted surfaces, noting deterioration (chipping, cracking, peeling), friction or impact areas, and signs of water damage or active wear.
• Occupant exposure pathways: We evaluate how occupants use the space—particularly if young children are present—and whether they are likely to come into contact with hazardous lead (e.g., window troughs, floors, door frames).
• Dust wipe sampling: Surface dust samples are collected from horizontal surfaces such as floors, window sills, and troughs. These are submitted to an AIHA-accredited laboratory for analysis. Results are compared to EPA clearance levels (e.g., 10 µg/ft² for floors).
• Soil sampling (if requested): In exterior areas, we can collect soil samples near building foundations or play areas to evaluate environmental exposure potential.
• Hazard evaluation: The assessor compiles findings to determine if lead-based paint hazards exist, where they are located, and what level of response is needed (e.g., interim control, encapsulation, or full abatement).

3. Final Reporting

After inspection and/or risk assessment is complete, CORE delivers a comprehensive, easy-to-understand report that includes:

• Annotated floor plans showing LBP locations
• Detailed XRF data with surface condition notes
• Lab results for dust wipe (and optional soil/paint chip) samples
• Hazard prioritization by severity and exposure potential
• Recommendations for interim controls, lead-safe work practices, abatement, or ongoing monitoring

We also support the preparation of supplemental forms, certifications, or clearance reports where required.

Why CORE?

✅ EPA-Certified Inspectors & Risk Assessors
✅ Accurate, field-tested methods that meet regulatory standards
✅ Detailed, defensible documentation suitable for filings and project bids
✅ Responsive scheduling and post-inspection support
✅ One-stop support for lead air monitoring, abatement planning, clearance testing, and ACP filing if needed